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AudibleHurricane Michael struck Florida’s panhandle in October 2018 as a strong Category 4 storm, with sustained winds of 155 miles per hour. At least 29 people in Florida died in the storm or its aftermath and another 10 people in Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia, as of this recording. Beyond the cost in human lives, is the cost of rebuilding homes, businesses, and infrastructure. Estimates of insured losses alone are between $6 billion to $10 billion.
Just how well did Florida’s building codes, both old and new, hold up against the devastating winds – and what’s needed in post-hurricane mitigation as Florida rebuilds? Host Lisa Miller, a former deputy insurance commissioner, talks with two catastrophe adjusters on the ground with Michael’s damages and the head of a consumer insurance group that’s fighting for stronger building codes in the Sunshine State.
Jason Brugh, Owner, Catalyst Insurance Management
Jeromy Harding, Vice President, Barrett Harding Insurance
Jay Neal, President & CEO, Florida Association for Insurance Reform
Show Notes:
Although Florida is recognized as having the toughest building codes in the nation, many homes and buildings in the Panhandle were built before 1995, when the first of Florida’s tougher post-Hurricane Andrew building codes was established. The newer Florida Building Code (FBC) of 2002 requires structures statewide to be built to withstand winds of 111 mph and up, by different geographic zones. But it wasn’t until 2007 that Panhandle homes built more than one mile from the coast were required to follow the higher standard there of 120 mph. (The Miami area is a “high velocity hurricane zone” with higher standards, in excess of 170 mph.) An FBC update in 2004 added International Building Code standards.
Mexico Beach , FL destruction
Catastrophe claims adjusters Jason Brugh and Jeromy Harding spent much of the following week after Hurricane Michael struck, surveying the damage from ground zero at Mexico Beach, Florida to the Alabama-Georgia state lines. They also spent several days in service to local communities, helping clear downed trees from roads and people’s property, re-righting travel trailers, and in one case, putting out a fully-involved house fire. Both had building construction backgrounds prior to becoming insurance agents and claims adjusters.
Brugh, of Catalyst Insurance Management in New Port Richey said he and Harding saw total destruction in their travels in the panhandle, with nearly every structure suffering damage. Their inspections revealed that standing seam metal roofs performed very well in the hurricane, while gable and three cap shingles were often completely gone.
“FBC 110 mph-rated shingles came off like you’re peeling Post-It notes off a Post-It pad,” Brugh said on the podcast. “We did see improperly installed metal roofs, where they were installed over existing shingles, allowing for an air gap between the two roof surfaces and those roofs were totally devastated. Those peeled the roof decking off like a beer can.” He added that the only damage he saw to properly installed metal roofs was impact-related.
Drone Picture of House with metal roof in Port St. Joe, FL
Jay Neal, President and CEO of the Florida Association for Insurance Reform (FAIR), said Hurricane Michael is further proof that Florida needs to adopt the tougher Miami-Dade building code statewide. “There’s no logic in having one higher standard for Miami-Dade County and not having it for the rest of the state,” he said.
Neal and FAIR are pushing the Florida legislature to provide more funding for mitigation of existing structures; and to make homeowners more aware, too, of the difference installing impact-resistant windows and enhancing roof connections to walls can have on their home surviving the next hurricane.
“We spend about 15-cents per Florida resident giving cities, counties, and nonprofits the funds to spend on mitigation and that’s got to change,” Neal said. He cited FEMA statistics that shows for every $1 invested in mitigation, $6 in damages are avoided. It’s an issue FAIR will be presenting to the 2019 legislature.
Host Lisa Miller, a former deputy insurance commissioner, said there’s concern that a tougher statewide building code would increase the price of homes in areas like the panhandle, whose residents are predominantly lower income and couldn’t afford it.
Lisa with catastrophe claims adjusters Jeromy Harding (center) and Jason Brugh (right)
“It’s an absolute no-brainer,” to have tougher building codes from an insurance standpoint, said Harding of the Barrett Harding Insurance agency in New Port Richey. “From my experience out in the field and adjusting claims, they do work. The newer building code homes in Hurricane Michael were survivable. Yes, there was damage, but the structure is still there,” he said. “Affordability is a Catch-22. A lot of these people were uninsured. So if those homes were built to a higher standard, they would come out on top whether there was insurance involved or not.”
Brugh said another issue he noticed with older homes built under outdated building codes: “a lot of them did not have hurricane clips, which when the wind got up in there, it upset trusses, it blew roof decks off, and the sort.”
Inside Home Ceiling and Rafter Damage from Hurricane Michael
Brugh pointed out that Florida’s wind mitigation credit program provides tremendous savings for homeowners in both shoring-up existing roofs and installing new ones. Just mitigating a home’s existing roof with hurricane clips can provide an 18% savings on the wind portion of an insurance premium. Installing a new shingled roof can result in 13%-16% savings. He noted that decking would have to be re-nailed, which is another 13%-15% savings. The wind portion of a premium can be 70%-80% of a homeowner’s insurance costs annually.
Host Miller noted that because most of the building stock in the panhandle is older, it’s more severely damaged than it might be otherwise and as a result, will drive-up claims costs. Industry analysts expect Florida insurance companies should be able to cover all claims. Reinsurance programs will cover those insurance companies’ bills.
“Today’s program was certainly an education and a great example of where the ‘rubber’ of public policy really meets the ‘road.’ And how the decisions we make today, will affect millions of Floridians in the future and billions of dollars in insured property value, as we weigh the costs and benefits of policy change – in this case, building codes and mitigation techniques,” Miller said.
So what do you think? Does Florida need even tougher building codes? And what lessons should we take away from Hurricane Michael when we rebuild what was damaged and destroyed?
Links and Resources Mentioned in This Episode:
What to Expect of Building Performance During Hurricane Michael (AIR Worldwide analysis October 11, 2018)
Premium Discounts for Hurricane Loss Mitigation (Florida Office of Insurance Regulation)
Florida Association for Insurance Reform (FAIR)
Lisa’s LMA Newsletter on Hurricane Michael (October 22, 2018)
LMA’s Assignment of Benefits webpage
LMA’s Private Flood Insurance & Resilience webpage
Jason & Jeromy joined volunteer firefighters to extinguish this house fire near Greensboro, FL
Jason after the house fire was out
Click here to view more pictures of Hurricane Michael’s destruction and Lisa, Jason, and Jeromy’s travels through the panhandle in the storm’s aftermath.
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